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It is an proxy frequently called a proxy server is software that acts as an intermediary between client and server over the internet. Without the use of proxy, a user could send a request for a resource directly to the server and it would serve that resource to its user directly. This is not difficult to comprehend and implement. proxy feature can provide advantages such as improved performance as well as privacy, security and more. As a further layer of security, proxies serve as a security barrier on the internet between clients and servers.




It is generally accepted that the set of hardware used by servers and the software used to install proxy is usually referred to in the context of proxy servers. This article will focus on proxies traditionally understood as software, and in relation to web servers. The article will offer an explanation of the two major types of proxies, which are forward and reverse. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own use case, often confused due to the overlapping naming convention.




This article will provide you with an overview of what proxies and their subtypes are, as well as how they work in the typical setups. Through the article you'll know how to identify the circumstances where the use of proxies is beneficial, and select the correct solution in between forward and reverse proxy in each circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



In the same way forward proxy also called an open proxy acts as the representative of the customer who wishes to forward requests via online to the origin server. In this case any attempts to send requests made by the client are instead sent to the forward proxy. In this situation the forward proxy acting in place of the client will look into the request. The first step is to determine whether the client is authorized to accept requests from this particular forward proxy. It will then either deny any request or forward it to its origin server. The client does not have direct access to the internet It can only connect to the internet that forward proxy allows it access to.




The most common reason to utilize forward proxy servers is to improve privacy or security online. A forward proxy uses the internet in place of a client and could use an alternative IP address from that of the client's original IP address.




Depending on how it's been setup, and how it is configured forward proxy could provide a range of options and the ability to:




Avoid ad tracking.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find limitations based on the geographic location.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems that provide centralized security and access based on permissions, for example, at work. If all internet traffic flows via an open forward proxy administrators can grant access only to a few users to the internet through the common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls installed on the client layer which could include various devices with different settings and users and settings, a firewall may be installed at this forward proxy layer.




Note that forward proxy server have to be manually configured for use in order to be utilized, whereas reverse proxies are able to be disregarded by clients. Based on whether or not an IP address from the client has been transferred to the server that originated it through the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity could be granted or made clear.




There are a myriad of options to consider to find forward proxy options




Apache is a well-known open-source web server that offers forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx: Another well-known open-source webserver that has forward proxy capabilities.


Squid is a free forward proxy using the HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide the complete web server. We recommend you read our article on the best way to create Squid proxy that allows private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, making it better suited for scenarios such as peer-to-peer communication. It is also possible to learn how to configure a Dante proxy for private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy acts to act as an agent of web servers, which handles incoming requests from customers on its behalf. The web server may consist of a single server or a number of servers. It could also serve for application servers, like Gunicorn. In both cases, a request could originate from a user on the internet at large. In most cases, the request will be sent directly to the server that has the resources that the customer requires. In contrast, a reverse proxy functions as an intermediary in order to protect your web server from interactions with the internet's open.




From a client's perspective the experience when using reverse proxy is not different from connecting directly to your webserver. It's basically identical and users is unable to discern the difference. Client requests a resource and is then able to receive it with no additional configuration needed from the user.




Reverse proxies provide options like:




Centralized security to web server.


Directing traffic according to rules you can make.


New caching functionality has been added.




While central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy systems, reverse proxy providers this service only to the server layer and not to the layer that clients use. instead of maintaining firewalls for Web server layers, that could include multiple servers with various configurations, the majority of firewall security may be concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. Additionally eliminating the burden of interfacing with firewalls and dealing with requests from clients far from web servers permits the firewall to concentrate on serving the needs of their customers.




In the case of multiple servers behind a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is also accountable to control which requests are placed to which server. There may be several web servers that provide the identical service, with different kinds of resources or a mixture of both. They can utilize the HTTP protocol like a traditional web server, but they can also be equipped with applications server protocols, like FastCGI. A reverse proxy to send clients to specific servers based on the kind of resource they are searching for, or adhere to specific rules for traffic volume.




Reverse proxies can also take advantage of their location in front of web servers by offering the possibility of storing data. Large static files can be set up using caching policies to stop the web server from being hit with every request. Some applications allow users to serve static content directly without touching the web server in any way. Additionally reverse proxy has the capability of compressing these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server can be described as a reliable reverse proxy solution. While it's factual that Apache web server also comes with reverse-proxy capabilities however, it's a separate attribute of Apache however Nginx was initially designed to focus on reverse proxy functions.



Differentiating Forward Proxy from Proxy Use Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use



Since "forward" along with "reverse" have connotations of directionality and misleading comparisons with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic These labels can be confusing since both types of proxies are capable of handling both requests and responses. The best way to differentiate between reverse as well as forward proxies would be to study the specifications of the application that you are developing.




Reverse proxy is an important element to consider when designing a system that allows web-based applications via the internet. They serve as your servers when you interact using the internet.




Forward proxy can be useful when it is placed in front of people for personal use, or even in a business environment. They are your customers when you interact with the internet.




Utilizing case-based differentiation rather than focusing exclusively on similar names can prevent confusion.



Conclusion



The article explained what a proxy is as well as the two types of them: forward and reverse proxy. Practical application scenarios and a review of useful features was used to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy. If you're looking to know more about the advantages of proxies then you can read our tutorial on how to configure Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy for Apache on the Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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